Pancrex V may be available in the countries listed below.
Ingredient matches for Pancrex V
Pancreatin is reported as an ingredient of Pancrex V in the following countries:
- United Kingdom
International Drug Name Search
Pancrex V may be available in the countries listed below.
Pancreatin is reported as an ingredient of Pancrex V in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search
Promonta may be available in the countries listed below.
Montelukast is reported as an ingredient of Promonta in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search
Physician Information
Women who use Depo-SubQ Provera 104 may lose significant bone mineral density. Bone loss is greater with increasing duration of use and may not be completely reversible.
It is unknown if use of Depo-SubQ Provera 104 during adolescence or early adulthood, a critical period of bone accretion, will reduce peak bone mass and increase the risk for osteoporotic fracture in later life.
Depo-SubQ Provera 104 should not be used as a long-term birth control method (i.e., longer than 2 years) unless other birth control methods are considered inadequate (see WARNINGS, section 1).
Patients should be counseled that this product does not protect against HIV infection (AIDS) and other sexually transmitted diseases.
Depo-SubQ Provera 104 contains medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), a derivative of progesterone, as its active ingredient. Medroxyprogesterone acetate is active by the parenteral and oral routes of administration. It is a white to off-white, odorless crystalline powder that is stable in air and that melts between 205° and 209°C. It is freely soluble in chloroform, soluble in acetone and dioxane, sparingly soluble in alcohol and methanol, slightly soluble in ether, and insoluble in water.
The chemical name for medroxyprogesterone acetate is 17-hydroxy-6α-methylpregn-4-ene-3,20-dione 17-acetate. The structural formula is as follows:
Depo-SubQ Provera 104 for subcutaneous (SC) injection is available in pre-filled syringes (160 mg/mL), each containing 0.65 mL (104 mg) of medroxyprogesterone acetate sterile aqueous suspension.
Each 0.65 mL contains:
Medroxyprogesterone acetate | 104 mg |
Methylparaben | 1.040 mg |
Propylparaben | 0.098 mg |
Sodium Chloride | 5.200 mg |
Polyethylene Glycol | 18.688 mg |
Polysorbate 80 | 1.950 mg |
Monobasic Sodium Phosphate ∙ H2O | 0.451 mg |
Dibasic Sodium Phosphate ∙ 12H2O | 0.382 mg |
Methionine | 0.975 mg |
Povidone | 3.250 mg |
Water for Injection | qs |
When necessary, the pH is adjusted with sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid, or both.
Depo-SubQ Provera 104 (medroxyprogesterone acetate injectable suspension), when administered at 104 mg/0.65 mL to women every 3 months (12 to 14 weeks), inhibits the secretion of gonadotropins, which prevents follicular maturation and ovulation and causes endometrial thinning. These actions produce its contraceptive effect.
Supression of serum estradiol concentrations and a possible direct action of Depo-SubQ Provera 104 on the lesions of endometriosis are likely to be responsible for the therapeutic effect on endometriosis-associated pain.
The pharmacokinetic parameters of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) following a single SC injection of Depo-SubQ Provera 104 are shown in Table 1 and Figure 1.
Cmax (ng/mL) | Tmax (day) | C91 (ng/mL) | AUC0–91 (ng∙day/mL) | AUC0–∞ (ng∙day/mL) | t½ (day) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cmax = peak serum concentration; Tmax = time when Cmax is observed; C91 = serum concentration at 91 days; AUC0–91 and AUC0–∞ = area under the concentration-time curve over 91 days or infinity, respectively; t½ = terminal half-life | ||||||
Mean | 1.56 | 8.8 | 0.402 | 66.98 | 92.84 | 43 |
Min | 0.53 | 2.0 | 0.133 | 20.63 | 31.36 | 16 |
Max | 3.08 | 80.0 | 0.733 | 139.79 | 162.29 | 114 |
Following a single SC injection of Depo-SubQ Provera 104, serum MPA concentrations reach ≥ 0.2 ng/mL within 24 hours. The mean Tmax is attained approximately 1 week after injection.
In a study to assess accumulation and the achievement of steady state following multiple SC administrations, trough concentrations of MPA were determined after 6, 12, and 24 months, and in a subset of 8 subjects, bi-weekly concentrations were determined within one dosing interval in the second year of administration. The mean (SD) MPA trough concentrations were 0.67 (0.36) ng/mL (n=157), 0.79 (0.36) ng/mL (n=144), and 0.87 (0.33) ng/mL (n=106) at 6, 12 and 24 months, respectively.
Depo-SubQ Provera 104 was administered into the anterior thigh or the abdomen to evaluate effects on the MPA concentration-time profile. MPA trough concentrations (Cmin; Day 91) were similar for the two injection locations.
Plasma protein binding of MPA averages 86%. MPA binding occurs primarily to serum albumin. No binding of MPA occurs with sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG).
MPA is extensively metabolized in the liver by P450 enzymes. Its metabolism primarily involves ring A and/or side-chain reduction, loss of the acetyl group, hydroxylation in the 2-, 6-, and 21-positions or a combination of these positions, resulting in more than 10 metabolites.
Residual MPA concentrations at the end of the first dosing interval (12 to 14 weeks) of Depo-SubQ Provera 104 are generally below 0.5 ng/mL, consistent with its apparent terminal half-life of ~40 days after SC administration. Most MPA metabolites are excreted in the urine as glucuronide conjugates with only small amounts excreted as sulfates.
Following a single SC administration of doses ranging from 50 to 150 mg, the AUC and Cmin (Day 91) increased with higher doses of Depo-SubQ Provera 104, but there was considerable overlap across dose levels. Serum MPA concentrations at Day 91 increased in a dose proportional manner but Cmax did not appear to increase proportionally with increasing dose. The AUC data were suggestive of dose linearity.
There were no significant differences in the pharmacokinetics and/or pharmacodynamics of MPA after SC administration of Depo-SubQ Provera 104 in African-American and Caucasian women. The pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics of Depo-SubQ Provera 104 were evaluated in Asian women in a separate study and also found to be similar to African-American and Caucasian women.
Although total MPA exposure was lower in obese women, no dosage adjustment of Depo-SubQ Provera 104 is necessary based on body weight. The effect of body weight on the pharmacokinetics of MPA following a single dose was assessed in a subset of women (n = 42, body mass index [BMI] ranged from 18.2 to 46.7 kg/m2). The AUC0–91 values for MPA were 71.6, 67.9, and 46.3 ng·day/mL in women with BMI categories of ≤ 28 kg/m2, >28–38 kg/m2, and >38 kg/m2, respectively. The mean MPA Cmax was 1.74 ng/mL in women with BMI ≤ 28 kg/m2, 1.53 ng/mL in women with BMI >28–38 kg/m2, and 1.02 ng/mL in women with BMI > 38 kg/m2, respectively. The MPA trough (Cmin) concentrations had a tendency to be lower in women with BMI >38 kg/m2.
No clinical studies have evaluated the effect of hepatic disease on the disposition of Depo-SubQ Provera 104. However, steroid hormones may be poorly metabolized in patients with severe liver dysfunction (see CONTRAINDICATIONS).
No clinical studies have evaluated the effect of renal disease on the pharmacokinetics of Depo-SubQ Provera 104.
See PRECAUTIONS, section 9
Depo-SubQ Provera 104 is indicated for the prevention of pregnancy in women of child bearing potential.
Depo-SubQ Provera 104 also is indicated for management of endometriosis-associated pain.
In considering use for either indication, the loss of bone mineral density (BMD) in women of all ages and the impact on peak bone mass in adolescents should be considered, along with the decrease in BMD that occurs during pregnancy and/or lactation, in the risk/benefit assessment for women who use Depo-SubQ Provera 104 long-term (see WARNINGS, section 1).
In three clinical studies, no pregnancies were detected among 2,042 women using Depo-SubQ Provera 104 for up to 1 year. The Pearl Index pregnancy rate in women who were less than 36 years old at baseline, based on cycles in which they used no other contraceptive methods, was 0 pregnancies per 100 women-years of use (upper 95% confidence interval = 0.25).
Pregnancy rates for various contraceptive methods are typically reported for only the first year of use and are shown in Table 2.
% of Women Experiencing an Unintended Pregnancy within the First Year of Use | % of Women Continuing Use at 1 Year* | ||
---|---|---|---|
Method | Typical Use† | Perfect Use‡ | |
Source: Hatcher et al., 1998.i | |||
| |||
Chance§ | 85 | 85 | |
Spermicides¶ | 26 | 6 | 40 |
Periodic Abstinence | 25 | 63 | |
Calendar | 9 | ||
Ovulation Method | 3 | ||
Symptothermal# | 2 | ||
Post-ovulation | 1 | ||
CapÞ | |||
Parous Women | 40 | 26 | 42 |
Nulliparous Women | 20 | 9 | 56 |
Sponge | |||
Parous Women | 40 | 20 | 42 |
Nulliparous Women | 20 | 9 | 56 |
DiaphragmÞ | 20 | 6 | 56 |
Withdrawal | 19 | 4 | |
Condomß | |||
Female (Reality) | 21 | 5 | 56 |
Male | 14 | 3 | 61 |
Pill | 5 | 71 | |
Progestin only | 0.5 | ||
Combined | 0.1 | ||
IUD | |||
Progesterone T | 2.0 | 1.5 | 81 |
Copper T 380A | 0.8 | 0.6 | 78 |
LNg 20 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 81 |
Depo-Provera IM 150 mg | 0.3 | 0.3 | 70 |
Norplant and Norplant-2 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 88 |
Female Sterilization | 0.5 | 0.5 | 100 |
Male Sterilization | 0.15 | 0.10 | 100 |
Emergency Contraceptive Pills: Treatment initiated within 72 hours after unprotected intercourse reduces the risk of pregnancy by at least 75%.à Lactational Amenorrhea Method: LAM is a highly effective, temporary method of contraception.è |
The efficacy of Depo-SubQ Provera 104 in the reduction of endometriosis-associated pain in women with the signs and symptoms of endometriosis was demonstrated in two active comparator-controlled studies. Each study assessed reduction in endometriosis-associated pain over 6 months of treatment and recurrence of symptoms for 12-months post treatment. Subjects treated with Depo-SubQ Provera 104 for 6 months received a 104 mg dose every 3 months (2 injections), while women treated with leuprolide microspheres for 6 months received a dose of 11.25 mg every 3 months (2 injections) or 3.75 mg every month (6 injections). Study 268 was conducted in the U.S. and Canada and enrolled 274 subjects (136 on Depo-SubQ Provera 104 and 138 on leuprolide). Study 270 was conducted in South America, Europe and Asia, and enrolled 299 subjects (153 on Depo-SubQ Provera 104 and 146 on leuprolide).
Reduction in pain was evaluated using a modified Biberoglu and Behrman scale that consisted of three patient-reported symptoms (dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and pelvic pain not related to menses) and two signs assessed during pelvic examination (pelvic tenderness and induration). For each category, a favorable response was defined as improvement of at least 1 unit (severity was assessed on a scale of 0 to 3) relative to baseline score (Figure 2).
Favorable Response = reduction in severity of symptom or sign of ≥ 1 point on a scale of 0 to 3, as compared to baseline
Additionally, scores from each of the five categories were combined, with the total (composite score) considered a global measurement of overall disease improvement. For subjects with baseline scores for each of the 5 categories, a mean decrease of 4 points relative to baseline was considered a clinically meaningful improvement. Across both studies, for both treatment groups, the mean changes in the composite score met the protocol-defined criterion for improvement.
In the clinical trials, treatment with Depo-SubQ Provera 104 was limited to six months. Data on the persistence of benefit with longer treatment are not available.
Subjects recorded daily the occurrence and severity of hot flushes. Of the Depo-SubQ Provera 104 users, 28.6% reported experiencing moderate or severe hot flushes at baseline, 36.2% at month 3, and 26.7% at month 6. Of the leuprolide users, 32.8% reported experiencing moderate or severe hot flushes at baseline, 74.2% at month 3, and 68.5% at month 6.
Use of Depo-SubQ Provera 104 reduces serum estrogen levels and is associated with significant loss of bone mineral density (BMD). This loss of BMD is of particular concern during adolescence and early adulthood, a critical period of bone accretion. It is unknown if use of Depo-SubQ Provera 104 by younger women will reduce peak bone mass and increase the risk for osteoporotic fracture in later life.
A study to assess the reversibility of loss of BMD in adolescents was conducted with Depo-Provera CI (150mg medroxyprogesterone acetate IM, DMPA). After discontinuing Depo-Provera CI in adolescents, mean BMD loss at total hip and femoral neck did not fully recover by 60 months (240 weeks) post-treatment. Similarly, in adults, there was only partial recovery of mean BMD at total hip, femoral neck and lumbar spine towards baseline by 24 months post-treatment.
Depo-SubQ Provera 104 should not be used as a long-term birth control method (i.e., longer than 2 years) unless other birth control methods are considered inadequate. BMD should be evaluated when a woman needs to continue to use Depo-SubQ Provera 104 long-term. In adolescents, interpretation of BMD results should take into account patient age and skeletal maturity.
Other birth control methods should be considered in the risk/benefit analysis for the use of Depo-SubQ Provera 104 in women with osteoporosis risk factors. Depo-SubQ Provera 104 can pose an additional risk in patients with risk factors for osteoporosis (e.g., metabolic bone disease, chronic alcohol and/or tobacco use, anorexia nervosa, strong family history of osteoporosis or chronic use of drugs that can reduce bone mass such as anticonvulsants or corticosteroids). Although there are no studies addressing whether calcium and Vitamin D lessen BMD loss in women using Depo-SubQ Provera 104, all patients should have adequate calcium and Vitamin D intake.
A study comparing changes in BMD in women using Depo-SubQ Provera 104 with women using Depo-Provera Contraceptive Injection (Depo-Provera CI, 150 mg) showed no significant differences in BMD loss between the two groups after two years of treatment. Mean percent changes in BMD in the Depo-SubQ Provera 104 group are listed in Table 3.
Lumbar Spine | Total Hip | Femoral Neck | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time on Treatment | N | Mean % Change (95% CI) | N | Mean % Change (95% CI) | N | Mean % Change (95% CI) |
1 year | 166 | -2.7 (-3.1 to -2.3) | 166 | -1.7 (-2.1 to -1.3) | 166 | -1.9 (-2.5 to -1.4) |
2 year | 106 | - 4.1 (-4.6 to -3.5) | 106 | -3.5 (-4.2 to -2.7) | 106 | -3.5 (-4.3 to -2.6) |
In another controlled clinical study, adult women using Depo-Provera CI (150 mg) for up to 5 years showed spine and hip BMD mean decreases of 5–6%, compared to no significant change in BMD in the control group. The decline in BMD was more pronounced during the first two years of use, with smaller declines in subsequent years. Mean changes in lumbar spine BMD of –2.86%, -4.11%, -4.89%, -4.93% and –5.38% after 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years,-respectively, were observed. Mean decreases in BMD of the total hip and femoral neck were similar.
After stopping use of Depo-Provera CI (150 mg) there was partial recovery of BMD toward baseline values during the 2-year post-therapy period. Longer duration of treatment was associated with less complete recovery during this 2-year period following the last injection. Table 4 shows the change in BMD in women after 5 years of treatment with Depo-Provera CI and in women in a control group, as well as the extent of recovery of BMD for the subset of the women for whom 2-year post treatment data were available.
Time in Study | Spine | Total Hip | Femoral Neck | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Depo-Provera * | Control† | Depo-Provera * | Control† | Depo-Provera * | Control† | |
| ||||||
5 years | -5.38% n=33 | 0.43% n=105 | -5.16% n=21 | 0.19% n=65 | -6.12% n=34 | -0.27% n=106 |
7 years | -3.13% n=12 | 0.53% n=60 | -1.34% n=7 | 0.94% n=39 | -5.38% n=13 | -0.11% n=63 |
The impact of Depo-Provera CI (150 mg) use for up to 240 weeks (4.6 years) was evaluated in an open-label non-randomized clinical study in 389 adolescent females (12–18 years). Use of Depo-Provera CI was associated with a significant decline from baseline in BMD.
Partway through the trial, drug administration was stopped (at 120 weeks). The mean number of injections per Depo-Provera CI user was 9.3. The decline in BMD at total hip and femoral neck was greater with longer duration of use (see Table 5). The mean decrease in BMD at 240 weeks was more pronounced at total hip (-6.4%) and femoral neck (-5.4%) compared to lumbar spine (-2.1%).
In general, adolescents increase bone density during the period of growth following menarche, as seen in the untreated cohort. However, the two cohorts were not matched at baseline for age, gynecologic age, race, BMD and other factors that influence the rate of acquisition of bone mineral density.
Duration of Treatment | Depo-Provera CI (150 mg IM) | Unmatched, Untreated Cohort | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
N | Mean % Change | N | Mean % Change | |
Total Hip BMD | ||||
Week 60 (1.2 years) | 113 | -2.75 | 166 | 1.22 |
Week 120 (2.3 years) | 73 | -5.40 | 109 | 2.19 |
Week 240 (4.6 years) | 28 | -6.40 | 84 | 1.71 |
Femoral Neck BMD | ||||
Week 60 | 113 | -2.96 | 166 | 1.75 |
Week 120 | 73 | -5.30 | 108 | 2.83 |
Week 240 | 28 | -5.40 | 84 | 1.94 |
Lumbar Spine BMD | ||||
Week 60 | 114 | -2.47 | 167 | 3.39 |
Week 120 | 73 | -2.74 | 109 | 5.28 |
Week 240 | 27 | -2.11 | 84 | 6.40 |
Longer duration of treatment and smoking were associated with less recovery of BMD following the last injection of Depo-Provera CI. Table 6 shows the extent of recovery of BMD up to 60 months post-treatment for adolescent women who received Depo-Provera CI for two years or less compared to more than two years. Post-treatment follow-up showed that, in women treated for more than two years, only lumbar spine BMD recovered to baseline levels after treatment was discontinued. Subjects treated with Depo-Provera for more than two years did not recover to their baseline BMD level at femoral neck and total hip even up to 60 months post-treatment. Adolescent women in the untreated cohort gained BMD throughout the trial period (data not shown).
Duration of Treatment | 2 years or less | More than 2 years | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
N | Mean % Change from baseline | N | Mean % Change from baseline | |
Total Hip BMD | ||||
End of Treatment | 49 | -1.5% | 49 | -6.2% |
12 M post-treatment | 33 | -1.4% | 24 | -4.6% |
24 M post-treatment | 18 | 0.3% | 17 | -3.6% |
36 M post-treatment | 12 | 2.1% | 11 | -4.6% |
48 M post-treatment | 10 | 1.3% | 9 | -2.5% |
60 M post-treatment | 3 | 0.2% | 2 | -1.0% |
Femoral Neck BMD | ||||
End of Treatment | 49 | -1.6% | 49 | -5.8% |
12 M post-treatment | 33 | -1.4% | 24 | -4.3% |
24 M post-treatment | 18 | 0.5% | 17 | -3.8% |
36 M post-treatment | 12 | 1.2% | 11 | -3.8% |
48 M post-treatment | 10 | 2.0% | 9 | -1.7% |
60 M post-treatment | 3 | 1.0% | 2 | -1.9% |
Lumbar Spine BMD | ||||
End of Treatment | 49 | -0.9% | 49 | -3.5% |
12 M post-treatment | 33 | 0.4% | 23 | -1.1% |
24 M post-treatment | 18 | 2.6% | 17 | 1.9% |
36 M post-treatment | 12 | 2.4% | 11 | 0.6% |
48 M post-treatment | 10 | 6.5% | 9 | 3.5% |
60 M post-treatment | 3 | 6.2% | 2 | 5.7% |
In two clinical studies of 573 adult women with endometriosis, the BMD effects of 6 months of Depo-SubQ Provera 104 treatment were compared to 6 months of leuprolide treatment. Subjects were then observed, off therapy, for an additional 12 months (Table 7).
Time of Measurement | Lumbar Spine | Total Hip | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Depo-SubQ Provera 104 | Leuprolide | Depo-SubQ Provera 104 | Leuprolide | |||||
N | Mean % change | N | Mean % change | N | Mean % change | N | Mean % change | |
EOT = End of Treatment | ||||||||
Month 6 of treatment (EOT) | 208 | -1.20 | 229 | -4.10 | 207 | -0.03 | 227 | -1.83 |
6 months off treatment | 168 | -1.06 | 180 | -2.75 | 169 | -0.05 | 181 | -1.59 |
12 months off treatment | 124 | -0.54 | 133 | -1.48 | 125 | 0.39 | 134 | -1.15 |
Most women using Depo-SubQ Provera 104 experienced changes in menstrual bleeding patterns, such as amenorrhea, irregular spotting or bleeding, prolonged spotting or bleeding, and heavy bleeding. As women continued using Depo-SubQ Provera 104, fewer experienced irregular bleeding and more experienced amenorrhea. If abnormal bleeding is persistent or severe, appropriate investigation and treatment should be instituted.
In three contraception trials, 39.0 % of women experienced amenorrhea during month six, and 56.5% experienced amenorrhea during month 12. The changes in menstrual bleeding patterns from the three contraception trials are presented in Figures 3 and 4.
N = Number of subjects in analysis for indicated month |
Figure 3. Percentages of Depo-SubQ Provera 104 Treated Women with Amenorrhea per 30-Day Month in Contraception Studies (ITT Population, N=2053) |
N = Number of subjects with bleeding and/or spotting during indicated month |
Figure 4. Mean (25th, 75th Percentiles) Number of Bleeding and/or Spotting Days in the Subgroup of Women with Bleeding and/or Spotting by Month for Women Treated with Depo-SubQ Provera 104 in Contraception Studies |
The changes in men
Noodis may be available in the countries listed below.
Piracetam is reported as an ingredient of Noodis in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search
Sinvastatina Ratiopharm may be available in the countries listed below.
Simvastatin is reported as an ingredient of Sinvastatina Ratiopharm in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search
Post-Day may be available in the countries listed below.
Levonorgestrel is reported as an ingredient of Post-Day in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search
Dazomet may be available in the countries listed below.
Mebendazole is reported as an ingredient of Dazomet in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search
Nilverm may be available in the countries listed below.
In some countries, this medicine may only be approved for veterinary use.
Levamisole is reported as an ingredient of Nilverm in the following countries:
Levamisole hydrochloride (a derivative of Levamisole) is reported as an ingredient of Nilverm in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search
Augmentan Tropfen für Säuglinge may be available in the countries listed below.
Amoxicillin trihydrate (a derivative of Amoxicillin) is reported as an ingredient of Augmentan Tropfen für Säuglinge in the following countries:
Clavulanic Acid potassium (a derivative of Clavulanic Acid) is reported as an ingredient of Augmentan Tropfen für Säuglinge in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search
Mitoxantrone Teva may be available in the countries listed below.
Mitoxantrone dihydrochloride (a derivative of Mitoxantrone) is reported as an ingredient of Mitoxantrone Teva in the following countries:
International Drug Name Search